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Decision Support System for emergency scheduling of raw water supply systems with multiple sources

Qi WANG, Shuming LIU, Wenjun LIU, Zoran KAPELAN, Dragan SAVIC

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第5期   页码 777-786 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0537-9

摘要： A hydraulic model-based emergency scheduling Decision Support System (DSS) is designed to eliminate the impact of sudden contamination incidents occurring upstream in raw water supply systems with multiple sources. The DSS consists of four functional modules, including water quality prediction, system safety assessment, emergency strategy inference and scheduling optimization. The work flow of the DSS is as follows. First, the water quality variations on specific cross-sections are calculated given the pollution information. Next, a comprehensive evaluation on the safety of the current system is conducted using the outputs in the first module. This will assist in the assessment of whether the system is in danger of failure, taking both the impact of pollution and system capacity into account. If there is a severe impact of contamination on the reliability of the system, a fuzzy logic based inference module is employed to generate reasonable strategies including technical measures. Otherwise, a Genetic Algorithm (GA)-based optimization model will be used to find the least-cost scheduling plan. The proposed DSS has been applied to a coastal city in South China during a saline tide period as validation. Through scenario analysis, it is demonstrated that this DSS tool is instrumental in emergency scheduling for the water company to quickly and effectively respond to sudden contamination incidents.

关键词： decision support system     raw water supply system     contamination incident     emergency scheduling     hydraulic model     safety assessment    

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Spatial prediction of soil contamination based on machine learning: a review

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第8期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1693-1

摘要：

● A review of machine learning (ML) for spatial prediction of soil contamination.

关键词： Soil contamination     Machine learning     Prediction     Spatial distribution    

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On subsurface box-shaped lined tunnel under incident SH-wave propagation

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第4期   页码 948-960 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0740-x

摘要： In this paper, a half-plane time-domain boundary element method is applied to obtain the seismic ground response, including a subsurface box-shaped lined tunnel deployed in a linear homogenous elastic medium exposed to obliquely incident SH-waves. Only the boundary around the tunnel is required to be discretized. To prepare an appropriate model by quadratic elements, a double-node procedure is used to receive dual boundary fields at corners as well as change the direction of the normal vector. After encoding the method in a previously confirmed computer program, a numerical study is carried out to sensitize some effective parameters, including frequency content and incident wave angle for obtaining a surface response. The depth and impedance ratio of the lining are assumed to be unvaried. The responses are illustrated in the time and frequency domains as two/three-dimensional graphs. The results showed that subsurface openings with sharp corners distorted the propagation path of the anti-plane waves to achieve the critical states on the ground surface. The present approach can be proposed to civil engineers for preparing simple underground box-shaped models with angular boundaries.

关键词： box-lined tunnel     half-plane BEM     surface response     SH-wave     time-domain    

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Strategies to manage the risk of heavy metal(loid) contamination in agricultural soils

Fang-Jie ZHAO

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第3期   页码 333-338 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020335

摘要：

Soil contamination with heavy metal(loid)s threatens soil ecological functions, water quality and food safety; the latter is the focus of this review. Cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) are the toxic elements of most concern for food safety because they are relatively easily taken up by food crops. Rice is a major contributor of both Cd and As intakes to the Chinese population. Contamination and soil acidification are the main causes of high Cd levels in rice grains produced in some areas of southern China. The risk of Cd and As accumulation in food crops can be mitigated through agronomic practices and crop breeding. Liming is effective and economical at reducing Cd uptake by rice in acid soils. Paddy water management can produce opposite effects on Cd and As accumulation. Many genes controlling Cd and As uptake and translocation have been characterized, paving the way to breeding low accumulating crop cultivars through marker-assisted molecular breeding or genetic engineering. It is important to protect agricultural soils from future contamination. Long-term monitoring of anthropogenic additions and accumulation of heavy metal(loid)s in agricultural soils should be undertaken. Mass-balance models should be constructed to evaluate future trends of metal(loid)s in agricultural soils at a regional scale.

关键词： arsenic     cadmium     food safety     heavy metals     soil contamination    

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Soil seismic analysis for 2D oblique incident waves using exact free-field responses by frequency-based

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第12期   页码 1530-1551 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0900-7

摘要： The seismic analysis of a viscoelastic half-space under two-dimensional (2D) oblique incident waves is carried out by the finite/infinite element method (FIEM). First, the frequency-domain exact solutions for the displacements and stresses of the free field are derived in general form for arbitrary incident P and SV waves. With the present formulation, no distinction needs to be made for SV waves with over-critical incident angles that make the reflected P waves disappear, while no critical angle exists for P waves. Next, the equivalent seismic forces of the earthquake (Taft Earthquake 1952) imposed on the near-field boundary are generated by combining the solutions for unit ground accelerations with the earthquake spectrum. Based on the asymmetric finite/infinite element model, the frequency-domain motion equations for seismic analysis are presented with the key parameters selected. The results obtained in frequency and time domain are verified against those of Wolf’s, Luco and de Barros’ and for inversely computed ground motions. The parametric study indicated that distinct phase difference exists between the horizontal and vertical responses for SV waves with over-critical incident angles, but not for under-critical incident angles. Other observations were also made for the numerical results inside the text.

关键词： oblique incident waves     critical angle     half-space     finite/infinite element approach     seismic response analysis    

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Emergency drinking water treatment in source water pollution incident-technology and practice in China

Xiaojian ZHANG , Chao CHEN ,

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第3期   页码 364-368 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0027-2

摘要： An investigation into emergency potable water treatment technologies was conducted to investigate China’s water pollution situation. In order to confirm optimum parameters, the technological efficiency of each pollutant was obtained. About 100 contaminants were tested to find the emergency treatment technologies, most of which were found to be positive. This paper presents the three largest and most significant water pollution incidents in China to date, analyzing cases such as the nitrobenzene pollution incident in the Songhua River in November 2005, the cadmium pollution incident in the Beijiang River in December 2005, and the water crisis with odorous tap water in Wuxi City in May 2007.

关键词： emergency drinking water treatment     water pollution     adsorption     oxidation     precipitation    

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Nitrobenzene contamination of groundwater in a petrochemical industry site

Yongsheng Zhao, Lin Lin, Mei Hong

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1107-6

摘要：

The contaminant transport distance is predicted using numerical model.

Zero-valent iron can be used to effectively transform nitrobenzene to aniline.

Experiment shows that two-layer PRB systems have a very good treatment effect.

关键词： Nitrobenzene     Benzene     Groundwater     Zero-valent iron     Permeable reactive barrier    

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Evaluating heavy metal contamination of riverine sediment cores in different land-use areas

Wenzhong Tang, Liu Sun, Limin Shu, Chuang Wang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1283-4

摘要： Abstract • Metal pollution was studied in riverine sediments from different land-use areas. • Cd was the most serious heavy metal contaminant in riverine sediment cores. • Riverine sediment cores from industrial area were most polluted by heavy metals. • B1 fraction determined metal pollution, risk and toxicity in riverine sediments. Anthropogenic activities are regarded as the main sources of heavy metal pollution, yet few studies have investigated the effects of land-use setting on heavy metal accumulation in riverine sediments. Based on both total contents and geochemical fractions, heavy metal pollution, risk and toxicity were determined in riverine sediment cores from different land-use areas (mountain area- MA, farm area- FA, city area- CA, and industrial area- IA) of the Yang River Basin in North China. The results showed that FA had higher contents of riverine sedimentary Cu; CA had higher contents of Cd; IA had higher contents of both Cd and Zn. Most riverine sediments from FA and IA were contaminated with the investigated metals, although these concentrations were evaluated to have low potential ecological risk and no toxicity to benthic organisms. However, a high proportion of Cd in the B1 fraction of riverine sediments in IA indicating high risk should receive more attention. The B1 fraction largely determined the contamination, risk and toxicity levels associated with heavy metals in the riverine sediments of the Yang River Basin.

关键词： Heavy metals     Riverine sediments     Pollution     Land-use    

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Serum uric acid and risk of incident diabetes in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults: prospective

Di Cheng, Chunyan Hu, Rui Du, Hongyan Qi, Lin Lin, Xueyan Wu, Lina Ma, Kui Peng, Mian Li, Min Xu, Yu Xu, Yufang Bi, Weiqing Wang, Yuhong Chen, Jieli Lu

《医学前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第6期   页码 802-810 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0723-7

摘要： The association between serum uric acid and the risk of incident diabetes in Chinese adults remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate this association in a community-dwelling population aged≥40 years in Shanghai, China. Oral glucose tolerance test was conducted during baseline and follow-up visits. Relative risk regression was utilized to examine the associations between baseline gender-specific serum uric acid levels and incident diabetes risk. A total of 613 (10.3%) incident diabetes cases were identified during the follow-up visit after 4.5 years. Fasting plasma glucose, postload glucose, and glycated hemoglobin A1c during the follow-up visit progressively increased across the sex-specific quartiles of serum uric acid (all s<0.05). The incidence rate of diabetes increased across the quartiles of serum uric acid (7.43%, 8.77%, 11.47%, and 13.43%). Multivariate adjusted regression analysis revealed that individuals in the highest quartile had 1.36-fold increased risk of diabetes compared with those in the lowest quartile of serum uric acid (odds ratio (95% confidence interval) = 1.36 (1.06−1.73)). Stratified analysis indicated that the association was only observed in women. Accordingly, serum uric acid was associated with the increased risk of incident diabetes among middle-aged and elderly Chinese women.

关键词： incident diabetes     prospective study     uric acid    

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E-waste environmental contamination and harm to public health in China

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第2期   页码 220-228 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0391-1

摘要：

The adverse effects of electronic waste (e-waste) on the human body have stirred up concern in recent years. China is one of the countries that confront serious pollution and human exposure of e-waste, and the majority of the population is exposed to potentially hazardous substances that are derived from informal e-waste recycling processes. This study reviews recent reports on human exposure to e-waste in China, with particular focus on exposure routes (e.g., inhalation and ingestion) and several toxicities of human (e.g., endocrine system, respiratory system, reproductive system, developmental toxicity, neurotoxicity, and genetic toxicity). Pieces of evidence that associate e-waste exposure with human health effects in China are assessed. The role of toxic heavy metals (e.g., lead, cadmium, chromium, mercury, and nickel) and organic pollutants (e.g., polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (PHAHs), bisphenol A (BPA)) on human health is also briefly discussed.

关键词： e-waste     heavy metal     organic pollutant     hazardous     toxicity     human health     China    

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Hazard and vulnerability evaluation of water distribution system in cases of contamination intrusion

Kunlun XIN, Tao TAO, Yong WANG, Suiqing LIU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第6期   页码 839-848 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0409-8

摘要： In this paper, it proposed an index system for hazard and vulnerability evaluations of water distribution networks, based on the simulation of contamination events caused by pollutant injections at different junctions. It attempted to answer the following two questions in the case of contamination events: 1) Which are the most hazardous junctions? 2) Which are the most vulnerable junctions? With EPANET toolkit, it simulated the propagation of the contaminant, and calculated the peak concentration of the contaminant and mass delivered at different nodes. According to types of consumers, different weights were assigned to the consumer nodes for assessing the influence of the contaminant on the consumers. Using the method proposed herein, both the hazard index and vulnerability index were calculated for each node in the pipe network. The presented method was therefore applied to the water network of the city of Zhenjiang, which contains two water plants, two booster pump stations with storage tanks. In conclusion, the response time, the relationships between the peak concentration of contaminant and the total absorption are the most important factors in hazard and vulnerability evaluation of the water distribution network.

关键词： water distribution network     hazard     vulnerability     contaminant accident    

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Strain and process engineering toward continuous industrial fermentation

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第10期   页码 1336-1353 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2284-6

摘要： Most current biotechnology industries are based on batch or fed-batch fermentation processes, which often show low productivity and high production costs compared to chemical processes. To increase the economic competitiveness of biological processes, continuous fermentation technologies are being developed that offer significant advantages in comparison with batch/fed-batch fermentation processes, including: (1) removal of potential substrates and product inhibition, (2) prolonging the microbial exponential growth phase and enhancing productivity, and (3) avoiding repeated fermentation preparation and lowering operation and installation costs. However, several key challenges should be addressed for the industrial application of continuous fermentation processes, including (1) contamination of the fermentation system, (2) degeneration of strains, and (3) relatively low product titer. In this study, we reviewed and discussed metabolic engineering and synthetic biology strategies to address these issues.

关键词： continuous fermentation     productivity     contamination     strain degeneration     metabolic engineering    

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Analysis and assessment of heavy metal contamination in surface water and sediments: a case study from

Zhaoming WANG,Ranhao SUN,Haiping ZHANG,Liding CHEN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第2期   页码 240-249 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0646-0

摘要： Concentrations of the heavy metals Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cd, and Cr were examined in surface water and sediment from the Luan River inChina,. With a decline in Cu and Ni concentration found in surface water at downstream stations. This finding suggests that water currents are a major explanatory factor in heavy metal contamination. The abundance of Cr, Pb, and Cd observed in the middle reaches of the river indicates heavy metal contamination in local areas, although there was an obvious decrease in concentrations in the water downstream of the Daheiting Reservoir. The significant rising trend in Cu, Pb, and Ni seen the sediment farther away from the river also suggests that anthropogenic activities contribute to heavy metal pollution Sediments were therefore used as environmental indicators, with sediment assessment was conducted using the geo-accumulation index ( ) and the potential ecological risk index ( ). The values revealed that Cd (3.13) and Cr (2.39) had accumulated significantly in the Luan River. The values for most (89%) of the sampling stations were higher than 300, suggesting that sediment from the Luan River poses a severe ecological risk, with the potential ecological risks downstream higher than that in the upper and middle streams. Good correlations among Pb/Ni, Pb/Cd, Cu/Pb, and Cu/Cd in the water and Cr/Ni in the sediment were observed. Cluster analysis suggested that Cd may have various origins, being derived from anthropogenic sources.

关键词： heavy metal     water     sediment     geo-accumulation index     Luan River    

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Comprehensive evaluation of heavy metal contamination of sediment in Lake Dianchi by using modified AHP

ZHANG Yan, GAO Xiang, ZHONG Zhenyu, PENG Buzhuo, DENG Xihai

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第3期   页码 370-379 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0054-4

摘要： Through the use of general sampling and measurement by Cs dating, problems regarding the absence of monitoring data can easily be resolved. Further, weighted values need to be determined while Environment Quality Comprehensive Index (EQCI) is commonly used as applied in environmental quality comprehensive evaluation. In order to overcome the subjectivity in determining weights, the modified Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was designed. The modified AHP method involved the following key procedures: First, the parameters and were calculated based on the monitoring data; second, the factors were put in order according to the symbol and value of and ; third, the continuous odd integers, which represented the importance of factors, were given to factors according to their seating order; and, fourth, the factor weights were determined from the pair-wise comparison matrix calculated by the ratio of the given odd integers. Therefore, the weights were completely based on the monitoring data. In the present study, the comprehensive quality of sediments in five sections of Lake Dianchi were evaluated and the results indicated that the current contamination of sediments in each lake section is much more serious than at any other time in history.

关键词： Dianchi     Analytical Hierarchy     monitoring     modified Analytical     importance    

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A novel light fluctuation spectrum method for in-line particle sizing

Shouxuan QIN, Xiaoshu CAI, Li MA

《能源前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第1期   页码 89-97 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0176-z

摘要： This paper discusses two problems in in-line particle sizing when using light fluctuation method. First, by retrieving the ratio of particle concentrations at different time, the intensity of incident light is obtained. There exists narrow error between the calculated and pre-detected value of the intensity of incident light. Secondly, by combining spectrum analysis with Gregory’s theory, a multi-sub-size zone model is proposed, with which the relationship between the distribution of turbidity and the particle size distribution (PSD) can be established, and an algorithm developed to determine the distribution of turbidity. Experiments conducted in the laboratory indicate that the measured size distribution of pulverized coal conforms well with the imaging result.

关键词： in-line measurement     particle size distribution (PSD)     incident light intensity     particle concentration     light fluctuation    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Decision Support System for emergency scheduling of raw water supply systems with multiple sources

Qi WANG, Shuming LIU, Wenjun LIU, Zoran KAPELAN, Dragan SAVIC

期刊论文

Spatial prediction of soil contamination based on machine learning: a review

期刊论文

On subsurface box-shaped lined tunnel under incident SH-wave propagation

期刊论文

Strategies to manage the risk of heavy metal(loid) contamination in agricultural soils

Fang-Jie ZHAO

期刊论文

Soil seismic analysis for 2D oblique incident waves using exact free-field responses by frequency-based

期刊论文

Emergency drinking water treatment in source water pollution incident-technology and practice in China

Xiaojian ZHANG , Chao CHEN ,

期刊论文

Nitrobenzene contamination of groundwater in a petrochemical industry site

Yongsheng Zhao, Lin Lin, Mei Hong

期刊论文

Evaluating heavy metal contamination of riverine sediment cores in different land-use areas

Wenzhong Tang, Liu Sun, Limin Shu, Chuang Wang

期刊论文

Serum uric acid and risk of incident diabetes in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults: prospective

Di Cheng, Chunyan Hu, Rui Du, Hongyan Qi, Lin Lin, Xueyan Wu, Lina Ma, Kui Peng, Mian Li, Min Xu, Yu Xu, Yufang Bi, Weiqing Wang, Yuhong Chen, Jieli Lu

期刊论文

E-waste environmental contamination and harm to public health in China

null

期刊论文

Hazard and vulnerability evaluation of water distribution system in cases of contamination intrusion

Kunlun XIN, Tao TAO, Yong WANG, Suiqing LIU

期刊论文

Strain and process engineering toward continuous industrial fermentation

期刊论文

Analysis and assessment of heavy metal contamination in surface water and sediments: a case study from

Zhaoming WANG,Ranhao SUN,Haiping ZHANG,Liding CHEN

期刊论文

Comprehensive evaluation of heavy metal contamination of sediment in Lake Dianchi by using modified AHP

ZHANG Yan, GAO Xiang, ZHONG Zhenyu, PENG Buzhuo, DENG Xihai

期刊论文

A novel light fluctuation spectrum method for in-line particle sizing

Shouxuan QIN, Xiaoshu CAI, Li MA

期刊论文